ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF RUBBER PLANTATIONS IN KERALA

Abstract

Replacement of natural vegetation with various plantation crops is a global phenomenon. Rubber was introduced in Kera1a as one of the plantation crops in the beginning of this century. At present it covers about 21% of total cropped area in the state. As an estate crop it has mostly replaced natural vegetation and as small holding crop it is being raised in the places earlier given for tapioca, cashew and even coconut. Spatial spread is controlled by physiography. Research results so far obtained from various sources indicate that there are negative environmental implications associated with rubber plantation. However farmers will continue to grow rubber plantation due to its economic benefit. Given this reality and involvement of large number of farmers it is suggested that site specific in depth studies on environmental impacts are required to arrive at tangible conclusions. Alternatives like intercropping with other crops may also be considered to neutralise some of the adverse impacts. A sustainable production system needs to internalise environmental considerations. The government agencies involved in promoting rubber plantations may consider these issues for future decision making.