PLANNING AS AN INSTRUMENT OF POLITICS ?: Rethinking the methodology of local level participatory planning in Kerala

Abstract

The people’s planning programme in Kerala, the latest episode in the state’s experiments with democracy, is in the shadow of a bureaucratic capture. Government orders and guidelines set from above appear to have subdued the process of participatory planning. In view of the gains already made in deepening democracy and the immense potential yet to be realised, it is important to make corrective measures to put the experiment back on track. The goal of democratisation should be upheld by restoring and strengthening participatory spaces built into the process of planning. The paper proposes an overhauling of the methodology of planning from below. This can be achieved by demystifying and debureaucratizing the planning process and making it as simple and transparent as possible. The enthusiasm for maximising participation, however, should not be allowed to degenerate and give into a strategy of co-option. Participatory spaces should be allowed to retain their relative autonomy and hence, the right to be critical. Further, it needs to be emphasised that people’s participation is not a substitute for expertise or experience in development planning. Instead of replacing experts and absolving them of responsibilities, participatory planning should strive to make maximum use of expertise within government as well as outside without compromising on the principles of accountability and responsiveness towards the people. The experiment should also be sensitive to the limits of local level participatory planning and governance. The local governments should not be overburdened with responsibilities that are beyond their competence.